N-propyl disulfide destroys red blood cells by oxidising haemoglobin, causing Heinz body haemolytic anaemia. Even small repeated doses accumulate. All forms — raw, cooked, powdered — are equally toxic.

Toxicity level

Thiosulfate compounds are 5x more concentrated in garlic than onion. Damages canine red blood cells far more aggressively. One clove per 5kg bodyweight can cause toxicity in a single dose.

Toxicity level

Capsaicin triggers intense pain responses in dogs' TRPV1 receptors — far more sensitive than humans'. Causes severe GI inflammation, vomiting, diarrhoea, and respiratory distress.

Toxicity level

Myristicin causes hallucinations, seizures, and CNS depression in dogs. Even a quarter teaspoon can be fatal for a small breed. Hidden in halwa, kheer, and Indian sweets.

Toxicity level

Unknown compound (possibly tartaric acid) causes acute kidney failure. Idiosyncratically toxic — some dogs react to a single grape. The risk is unpredictable and irreversible.

Toxicity level

Triggers massive insulin release in dogs, causing life-threatening hypoglycemia within 30 minutes. Also causes acute liver failure. Found in sugar-free mithai, peanut butter, and protein bars.

Toxicity level

Glucosinolates irritate the GI tract. Large amounts act as a powerful emetic. A tarka using multiple teaspoons is dangerous for dogs — cumulative exposure matters.

Toxicity level

High tartaric acid content causes severe GI irritation at concentrated doses. Small amounts in a recipe are generally safe, but concentrated pulp or rasam broth in dog-sized portions causes dehydration.

Toxicity level